Why Is 380 Mpa Pressure Used For Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.7Cr-0.3Si Alloy? Achieve Maximum Density And Conductivity

Learn why 380 MPa uniaxial pressure is critical for mechanical interlocking and electrical continuity in Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.7Cr-0.3Si green bodies.

How Does A High-Purity Argon Atmosphere Glovebox Contribute To Membrane-Free Lithium Metal Battery Assembly?

Learn how high-purity argon gloveboxes (<0.1 ppm) prevent lithium oxidation and ensure stable SEI formation for membrane-free battery research.

What Role Does A Pressure-Controlled Eis System Play In Solid-State Battery Research? Optimizing Ion Conductivity

Learn how pressure-controlled EIS identifies the optimal pressure window for solid-state batteries to balance contact area and ionic mobility.

How Do A Vacuum Furnace And Quartz Heaters Facilitate Vtd? Master Nanoporous Material Formation

Learn how vacuum furnaces and quartz heaters drive Vacuum Thermal Dealloying by managing vapor pressure and atomic surface diffusion.

Why Are High-Precision Pressure Compensation Fixtures Used For Solid-State Batteries? Achieve 2 Mpa Stability

Learn why 2 MPa constant pressure is essential for all-solid-state pouch batteries to manage volume expansion and maintain interface integrity.

How Do Customized Punching Dies Contribute To The Fabrication Of Patterned Cnts-Cnfs Films? Expert Patterning Guide

Learn how high-precision punching dies optimize Joule heating, current density, and electromagnetic performance in CNTs-CNFs film fabrication.

Why Must Mn2Sio4 Coin Cells Be Assembled Within An Inert Atmosphere Glove Box? Ensure Peak Electrochemical Integrity

Learn why Mn2SiO4 coin cell assembly requires an inert glove box to prevent electrolyte hydrolysis and lithium anode oxidation for valid data.

What Physical Functions Does A High-Porosity Pe Separator Perform? Enhancing Battery Safety & Performance

Learn how high-porosity PE separators provide electronic insulation and facilitate ionic conduction in ether-based electrolyte testing.

Why Is Secondary Ultrasonic Treatment And Strict Temperature Control Necessary? Master Im-Hnt Epoxy Mixing

Learn why ultrasonic dispersion and 50°C temperature control are vital to prevent agglomerates and premature curing in IM-HNT epoxy adhesives.

Why Is A Vacuum Drying Oven Used For Polyphenylsulfone (Ppsu)? Ensure High-Quality Membrane Synthesis

Learn how vacuum drying ovens remove DMAc solvents and moisture from PPSU at 150°C to ensure consistent membrane formation and polymer purity.

Why Is Li7La3Zr2O12 (Llzo) Selected For Lithium Dendrite Studies? Unlock The Power Of High Modulus Electrolytes

Learn why LLZO is the gold standard for lithium dendrite research due to its high mechanical modulus, ionic conductivity, and chemical stability.

Why Is An Environment-Controlled Glove Box Essential For The Electrical Measurement Of Acc? Ensure Data Integrity

Learn why a nitrogen-filled glove box is vital for ACC measurements by preventing humidity-induced surface conductivity artifacts.

Why Is A Glovebox Essential For Oipc Samples? Protect Your Research From Moisture And Oxidation

Learn why Organic Ionic Plastic Crystal (OIPC) preparation requires a glovebox to prevent degradation and ensure accurate data analysis.

Why Is A Controlled Argon Atmosphere Necessary For Tnzt Alloys? Secure Material Integrity And Purity

Learn why argon is vital in TNZT alloy processing to prevent oxidation, maintain biocompatibility, and ensure mechanical consistency.

What Role Does A Vacuum Or Atmosphere Sintering Furnace Play In Mgal2O4 Production? Achieve Optical Perfection

Learn how vacuum sintering furnaces reach the 97.5% closed-pore stage to prepare MgAl2O4 for successful pressure sintering and transparency.

What Specific Functions Do Servo Valve Components Perform? Master High-Precision Electro-Hydraulic Control

Learn how servo valves bridge electrical signals and hydraulic power to regulate flow, pressure, and actuator speed with precision.

What Is The Principle Of Sr/Mg-Doped Hardystonite Foam Preparation? Mastering Precursor-Derived Ceramics (Pdcs)

Learn how Precursor-Derived Ceramics (PDCs) technology uses silicone resins and reactive fillers to create doped hardystonite bioceramic foams.

Why Must Seawater Batteries Containing Nasicon Membranes Be Assembled In A Glove Box? Protect Your Sodium Metal Anode

Learn why assembly in an inert gas glove box (< 1.0 ppm O2/H2O) is critical to prevent sodium oxidation and ensure seawater battery stability.

What Are The Advantages Of Using The Slurry Casting Process Compared To Direct Pressing? Boost Electrode Performance

Learn why slurry casting outperforms direct pressing for battery electrodes, offering superior thickness control and energy density.

What Is The Role Of A High Vacuum Oven With A Glove Box For P-Fpkk Drying? Ensure Peak Polymer Purity & Stability

Learn how combining high vacuum ovens with inert glove boxes prevents degradation and removes solvents in P-FPKK polymer drying processes.

Why Must Sulfide-Based Solid-State Electrolytes Be Annealed Within Vacuum-Sealed Silica Ampoules? Preserving Integrity

Learn why vacuum-sealed silica ampoules are essential for sulfide electrolytes to prevent sulfur loss and environmental degradation during annealing.

What Are The Packaging Requirements For Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells With Vc/Dmfu? Ensure Robust Thermal Shutdown Safety

Learn the critical packaging standards for Li-ion pouch cells, focusing on seal integrity, corrosion resistance, and thermal shutdown mechanisms.

Why Are Peek Cells Used As Sample Holders For Solid Electrolyte Pellets? Ensure Precision In Electrical Testing

Discover why PEEK cells are essential for solid electrolyte testing, offering electrical isolation, pressure resistance, and chemical durability.

What Roles Do High-Purity Graphite Dies Serve Within The Spark Plasma Sintering (Sps) Process? Optimize Your Sintering

Learn how high-purity graphite dies act as heating elements and pressure vessels to enable rapid, uniform densification in the SPS process.

How Does Lubricant Amount Affect Tablet Press Performance? Balancing Ejection Force And Tablet Efficacy

Learn how lubricant concentration impacts ejection force, tooling lifespan, and tablet disintegration in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

What Is The Physical Mechanism Behind Two-Step Sintering (Tss)? Master Nanostructured Ceramic Optimization

Learn how Two-Step Sintering (TSS) decouples densification from grain growth to produce high-density, nanostructured calcium phosphate ceramics.

Why Is An Argon Protective Atmosphere Necessary During Mechanical Alloying? Protect High-Speed Steel Purity

Learn why argon is essential for mechanical alloying of high-speed steel to prevent oxidation and ensure high-strength sintering results.

What Are The Primary Functions Of Binders In Electrode Preparation? Ensure High Cycle Life For Energy Storage Devices

Learn how binders provide cohesive and adhesive forces to stabilize electrode structures and prevent mechanical failure during volume expansion.

What Is The Purpose Of Using A Vacuum Drying Oven? Essential Moisture Control For High-Nickel Battery Success

Learn how vacuum drying prevents moisture-induced degradation and lithium dendrite growth in high-nickel cathodes and lithium metal anodes.

Why Is An Inert Gas Glove Box Necessary For Peo/Pan Electrospun Membranes? Ensure Chemical Stability & Success

Learn why <0.1 ppm moisture/oxygen is critical for PEO/PAN solutions to prevent salt hydrolysis and polymer degradation in battery research.

How Do Hydraulic Load Frames Facilitate Axial Loading? Precision In-Situ Neutron Diffraction Solutions

Learn how hydraulic load frames use high-strength adapters and precision control to enable axial loading during in-situ neutron diffraction.

What Problem Is Addressed By Installing Lvdt Sensors On Hydraulic Valves? Achieve Precise Flow & Positional Control

Learn how LVDT sensors solve positional uncertainty and non-linearity in hydraulic valves, enabling real-time flow prediction and feedback control.

Why Are High-Performance Proportional Hydraulic Valves Integrated? Unlock Precision In Your Hydraulic Press System

Learn how proportional valves transform hydraulic press performance through electronic signal control and real-time load compensation.

Why Is A High-Purity Argon-Filled Glove Box Required When Assembling Button Cells? Protect Mgns Anode Integrity

Learn why argon-filled glove boxes are vital for MGNS button cell assembly to prevent lithium oxidation and preserve electrolyte stability.

Why Is A High-Purity Inert Atmosphere Glove Box Required For Halide Solid-State Electrolytes? Ensure Precise Synthesis

Learn why <1 ppm moisture environments are vital for halide electrolytes to prevent hydrolysis and maintain high ionic conductivity.

Why Must Lvp Coin Cells Be Assembled In An Inert Glove Box? Ensure Precision In Battery Research

Learn why Lithium Vanadium Phosphate assembly requires an inert atmosphere to prevent lithium oxidation and electrolyte decomposition.

Why Use Sem-Bse For Ti(C, N)-Based Cermets? Unlock Atomic Contrast And Phase Identification

Learn why Backscattered Electron (BSE) mode is vital for Ti(C, N) cermets, enabling Z-contrast to distinguish core-rim phases and detect defects.

What Protective Functions Does 304 Stainless Steel Canning Provide During The Hot Forging Of Tial-Sic Composites?

Learn how 304 stainless steel canning prevents oxidation and provides mechanical reinforcement for TiAl-SiC composites during hot forging.

Why Are Carbonaceous Reducing Agents Like Coke Or Coal Powder Added During The Reduction Treatment Of Copper Smelting Slag?

Learn how carbonaceous agents reduce magnetite to FeO, lowering slag viscosity and density to maximize copper recovery in smelting processes.

Why Is It Necessary To Perform Heat Treatment Within A Nitrogen Glove Box During Mxene Electrode Preparation?

Learn why a nitrogen glove box is essential for MXene heat treatment to prevent oxidation, remove solvents, and stabilize electrical contacts.

What Is The Purpose Of Vacuum-Sealed Heat Treatment For Solid Electrolytes? Protect Purity And Phase Stability

Learn how vacuum-sealed heat treatment prevents degradation and facilitates the Suzuki phase in sensitive solid electrolyte powders.

Why Must Diamond Polishing Paste Be Used When Preparing Titanium Compacts? Master Precision Microstructural Analysis

Learn why diamond polishing paste is essential for consolidated titanium to prevent surface smearing and ensure clear grain boundary visualization.

What Role Does A High-Purity Inert Gas Glove Box Play In Molybdenum Nitrido Synthesis? Essential Lab Protection

Learn how high-purity glove boxes enable the synthesis of air-sensitive Molybdenum intermediates by maintaining oxygen and moisture below 1 ppm.

Why Are High-Vacuum Or Inert Atmosphere Protection Furnaces Required For The Anaerobic Pyrolysis Carbonization Of Ppe?

Learn why oxygen exclusion is vital for PPE carbonization and how vacuum furnaces prevent combustion while enabling high-purity carbon recovery.

Why Must The Assembly Of Solid-State Lithium-Oxygen Batteries Be Performed In A Glove Box? Ensure Peak Material Purity

Learn why high-purity Argon glove boxes are essential for solid-state battery assembly to prevent lithium oxidation and preserve interface kinetics.

Why Are Zirconia (Zro2) Grinding Jars And Balls Preferred When Milling Fluoride Electrolyte Powders? Ensure High Purity

Learn why zirconia is the top choice for milling fluoride electrolytes, offering extreme hardness, chemical inertness, and zero contamination.

Why Is An Inert Atmosphere Glove Box Necessary For Nfm’pm20 Battery Assembly? Ensure Stability And Performance

Learn why inert atmosphere glove boxes are essential for NFM’PM20 sodium-ion battery assembly to prevent oxidation and ensure accurate test data.

Why Is Precise Control Over Material Ratios And Distribution Essential In Fgmo? Unlock Peak Material Performance

Learn why precise material ratios are critical in FGMO to ensure structural integrity, thermal management, and accurate topology optimization.

What Core Environmental Protections Does An Argon Atmosphere Glovebox Provide? Ensure Solid-State Battery Stability

Learn how argon gloveboxes protect high-nickel solid-state batteries by maintaining <1 ppm moisture and oxygen to prevent chemical degradation.

Why Is The Doctor Blade Coating Method Utilized For Thin-Film Preparation? Optimize Your Flexible Plastic Substrates

Learn why doctor blade coating is essential for thin-film preparation on flexible substrates, ensuring precision and uniformity for high performance.

How Does A Zero-Temperature Gradient Furnace Contribute To Mineral Synthesis? Ensure Precision Water Solubility Studies

Discover how zero-temperature gradient furnaces provide ±1°C precision and uniform thermal environments for accurate mineral water solubility data.

What Type Of Processing Environment Does An Inert Gas Glovebox Provide For Lce Button Cells? Achieve <0.1 Ppm Purity

Learn why an argon-filled glovebox with <0.1 ppm moisture and oxygen is vital for assembling LCE-based button cells and preventing oxidation.

What Is The Primary Function Of Selecting Quartz Sand With Specific Particle Sizes? Optimize Rock Specimen Prep

Learn why precise quartz sand particle size selection is critical for structural control and uniformity in preparing rock-like specimens.

What Critical Role Does A Nitrogen-Shielded Glove Box Play In Bentonite Experiments? Protect Sample Integrity

Learn how nitrogen-shielded glove boxes prevent oxidation and preserve chemical integrity during bentonite and carbon steel interaction sampling.

Why Must The Assembly Of Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Be Conducted Inside A Glove Box? Ensure Peak Material Stability

Learn why high-performance inert atmosphere glove boxes are essential for Li-S battery assembly to prevent lithium oxidation and electrolyte decay.

How Does A Vacuum Oven Affect The Performance Of Gqd/Siox/C Composite Anodes? Enhance Stability And Cycle Life

Learn how vacuum drying prevents electrode peeling and moisture-induced side reactions in GQD/SiOx/C composite anodes to ensure battery stability.

What Role Does An Industrial Centrifugal Mixer Play In Gqd/Siox/C Composites? Achieve Perfect Microscopic Dispersion

Learn how industrial centrifugal mixers use high-shear forces to disperse nanoparticles and create stable GQD/SiOx/C composite structures.

What Are The Primary Roles Of High-Strength Graphite Dies In The Combined Csp-Sps Process? Optimize Your Sintering

Discover how graphite dies act as heating elements and pressure vessels in CSP-SPS to achieve rapid densification and thermal uniformity.

What Is The Purpose Of Using Graphite Paper And Carbon Felt In Sps Of Al2O3–Cbn? Optimize Your Sintering Process

Learn how graphite paper and carbon felt act as critical barriers in SPS to prevent material adhesion, extend mold life, and ensure thermal uniformity.

Why Is A High-Purity Inert Gas Glove Box Necessary For Wttf-Cof Battery Assembly? Ensure Data Integrity

Learn why inert gas glove boxes are vital for WTTF-COF battery testing to prevent lithium oxidation, electrolyte hydrolysis, and data inaccuracies.

Why Are Industrial-Grade Inert Gas Glove Boxes Required For Super Yellow? Protect Your Semiconductor Polymer Integrity

Learn why <1ppm moisture and <5ppm oxygen are critical to prevent degradation and electronic traps in semiconductor polymers like Super Yellow.

What Is The Role Of An External Thermostatic Circulation System With Hydrostatic Pressure? Ensure Precise Data Control

Learn how external thermostatic circulation systems manage adiabatic heating and isolate pressure as the sole variable in high-pressure research.

Why Is A Glove Box Filled With High-Purity Argon Necessary For Preparing Flame-Retardant Electrolytes? Expert Insights

Learn how an argon glove box prevents hydrolysis and ensures the electrochemical stability of supercapacitor electrolytes by keeping O2/H2O < 10 ppm.

How Does Cuo Optimize Sintering Equipment For Ceria Electrolytes? Lower Sintering Temps For Better Efficiency

Learn how transition metal fluxes like CuO reduce sintering temperatures from 1600°C to 750°C, optimizing furnace life and energy use.

Why Must Solid-State Battery Assembly Be Performed Within A High-Purity Argon Glove Box? Ensure Material Integrity

Learn why argon glove boxes are essential for solid-state battery assembly to protect lithium anodes and electrolytes from moisture and oxygen.

Why Is An Argon Glovebox Environmental Control System Critical For Li6Ps5Cl Development? Ensure Battery Stability

Learn how argon gloveboxes prevent hydrolysis and toxic H2S gas in Li6PS5Cl solid-state battery research by maintaining <0.1 ppm moisture levels.

Why Is An Argon-Filled Glove Box Necessary For Nca Cathode Materials? Ensure Chemical Purity And Data Integrity

Learn why argon-filled glove boxes are essential for NCA cathode processing to prevent moisture degradation and ensure accurate thermal data.

Why Are Anisotropic Templates Like Ldhs Used In Janus Hydrogels? Create High-Speed Ion Highways For Batteries

Learn how anisotropic LDH templates create uniaxial porosity gradients in hydrogels to optimize ion transport and boost battery performance.

How Do Precision Molds Influence Metal Foam Heat Sink Performance? Unlock Advanced Thermal Efficiency And Airflow

Learn how precision pressing equipment optimizes porosity, density, and airflow to maximize convective heat transfer in metal foam heat sinks.

How Does The Precise Pressure Control Of A Laboratory Hydraulic Press Affect Hea Green Bodies? Ensure Uniform Sintering

Learn how precise pressure control eliminates density gradients in High-Entropy Alloy (HEA) green bodies to prevent cracks and warping.

How Does A Laboratory Glove Box Protect Lithium Metal Battery Assembly? Ensure High-Purity Inert Environments

Learn how argon glove boxes prevent lithium degradation by maintaining oxygen and moisture levels below 0.01 ppm for battery assembly.

What Are The Requirements For Pressed Targets Used In Reactive Sputtering? Achieve High-Performance Banboxny Films

Learn the essential requirements for BaNbOxNy pressed targets, focusing on electrical conductivity and mechanical strength for stable sputtering.

What Are The Advantages Of Specialized Magnetic Mounting Bases? Achieve Non-Invasive Data Accuracy

Learn how specialized magnetic bases for hydraulic press vibration sensors preserve equipment integrity while ensuring high-fidelity data capture.

How Does Moisture Content Affect Biomass Briquette Quality? Mastering The 8-12% Window For Superior Extrusion

Learn why 8-12% moisture is critical for biomass briquettes. Discover how it affects lignin binding, structural integrity, and safety.

What Is The Role Of The Ball Milling Process In Y-Tzp/Ldgc Composites? Achieve Perfect Material Homogenization

Learn how ball milling in an ethanol medium ensures physical uniformity and enables low-temperature densification for Y-TZP and LDGC composites.

What Is The Primary Function Of Graphite Flexible Paper In Fast/Sps? Optimize Your Sintering Process Efficiency

Learn how graphite foil acts as a vital diffusion barrier and lubricant in FAST/SPS, protecting molds and ensuring uniform sintering performance.

What Are The Advantages Of Using High-Performance Flexible Waveguides? Protect Radar Accuracy In Hydraulic Presses

Learn how high-performance flexible waveguides protect radar electronics from vibrations while ensuring signal fidelity in hydraulic press setups.

Why Is The Addition Of An Extra Epoxy Resin Adhesive Film Necessary? Unlock Maximum Hybrid Bond Strength

Learn why epoxy adhesive film is essential for bonding 3D-printed substrates to carbon fiber prepreg to prevent voids and structural failure.

Why Is Environmental Control Equipment Necessary For Sulfide Solid Electrolyte? Ensure Safety And Performance

Learn why inert gas glove boxes are vital for sulfide electrolytes to prevent H2S gas formation and preserve ionic conductivity.

Why Must The Assembly Of Sio/C Composite Electrode Batteries Be Performed In A High-Purity Inert Gas Glove Box?

Learn why a glove box is essential for SiO/C battery assembly to prevent electrolyte degradation and ensure accurate testing data.

How Do High-Precision Battery Cycling Test Systems Achieve Accurate Soc Control? Master Sensorless Temperature Estimation

Learn how integrated CC/CV modules and high current resolution eliminate SOC noise to enhance sensorless temperature estimation in battery research.

How Do Vacuum Drying And Multi-Stage Heating Contribute To Abpbi Membrane Prep? Ensure High-Purity Material Characterization

Learn how vacuum drying and multi-stage heating remove solvents and moisture to ensure accurate electrical testing of ABPBI membranes.

What Roles Do Ball Milling And Zirconia Grinding Media Play? Optimize Mullite Ceramic Synthesis

Learn how ball milling and zirconia media enhance mullite synthesis through structural refinement, sub-micron uniformity, and powder reactivity.

Why Is Argon Gas Typically Selected For Hot Isostatic Pressing (Hip)? Ensure Material Purity And Density

Learn why argon's inert properties make it the ideal pressure medium for HIP to prevent oxidation and ensure uniform material densification.

What Is The Role Of A Poulter Seal? Harnessing Pressure For Secure Diamond Windows

Learn how Poulter Seals use internal pressure to create self-tightening, leak-proof barriers for diamond windows in high-pressure cells.

How Does Heat Treatment In An Inert Gas Environment Affect Micro-Thrombectomy Stents? Ensure Safety & Elasticity

Learn how inert gas heat treatment at 650°C sets Nitinol shape memory and prevents oxidation to ensure stent biocompatibility and performance.

What Are The Key Functions Of Peek Sleeves In Solid-State Batteries? Ensure High-Pressure Integrity And Isolation

Learn how PEEK sleeves provide mechanical containment, chemical resistance, and electrical isolation for high-performance solid-state batteries.

Why Is A High Vacuum Oven Used For Meeg-Cs Aerogels? Master Final Thermal Stabilization For Industrial Durability

Learn why 190°C high vacuum treatment is critical for MEEG-CS aerogels to ensure hydrophobicity, remove volatiles, and enhance structural bonding.

Why Is Food-Grade Stainless Steel Used For Fluidized Bed Dryers? Ensure Purity And Durability In Food Processing

Learn why food-grade stainless steel is essential for fluidized bed dryers, focusing on corrosion resistance, hygiene, and chemical inertness.

What Are The Primary Functions Of Automation And Robotics In Battery Material Synthesis? Accelerate Your Discovery.

Learn how automation and robotics drive battery material discovery through high-throughput screening, precision control, and error reduction.

How Do Laboratory Ovens Contribute To Lmto-Drx Sol-To-Xerogel Transition? Master Structural Homogeneity

Learn how precision heating platforms drive regulated hydrolysis and polycondensation to transform LMTO-DRX sol into stable, amorphous xerogels.

Why Is A High-Purity Argon Glove Box Essential For Boron-Modified Polycarbosilane Synthesis? Ensure Chemical Purity

Learn why <1ppm oxygen and moisture in argon glove boxes are critical to prevent oxidation in Si-B-C ceramic precursor synthesis.

What Are The Advantages Of Zirconia Grinding Balls For Battery Materials? Achieve High Purity & Performance

Learn how Zirconia grinding balls ensure electrochemical stability and sub-micron precision for garnet-type battery materials by eliminating contamination.

Why Is A Boron Nitride (Bn) Liner Required In A Graphite Die? Master Flash Sintering Electrical Control

Learn how Boron Nitride liners prevent short-circuits in FAST/SPS graphite dies, ensuring current flow for successful flash sintering.

How Is A High Vacuum Oven Used For Infrared Detection In Battery Research? Perfecting The Electrode-Fiber Interface

Learn how high vacuum ovens enable precise solvent removal and solid-solid contact for high-fidelity infrared signal sampling in battery research.

What Is The Primary Industrial Purpose Of Performing Thermal Treatment On Functionally Graded Composites?

Learn how thermal treatment provides internal stress relief, grain refinement, and enhanced bonding for functionally graded composite materials.

Why Is Flexible Graphite Foil Inserted Between Nano-Silicon Carbide Powder And Graphite Molds? Optimize Sintering Quality

Learn how graphite foil acts as a protective release agent and chemical barrier during SiC sintering to extend mold life and ensure sample integrity.

Why Are Pvdf And Peek Selected For Lithium-Sulfur Battery Cells? Ensure Chemical Inertness And Mechanical Strength

Learn why PVDF and PEEK are essential for Li-S battery cells, offering resistance to organic solvents and superior mechanical sealing.

Why Must The Assembly Of Tinb2O7 Electrodes Be Conducted Inside A High-Performance Argon Glove Box? Ensure Data Validity

Learn why an argon glove box is critical for TiNb2O7 electrode assembly to protect lithium anodes and electrolytes from moisture and oxygen.

Why Must A Precision Glove Box Under An Argon Atmosphere Be Used When Assembling Test Cells? Protect High-Nickel Labs

Learn why <1 ppm argon environments are critical for high-nickel cathodes to prevent lithium salt formation and ensure data integrity.